Pen Testing vs. Vulnerability Scanning: What’s the Difference?

Confused about vulnerability scanning versus penetration testing? Here’s a simple breakdown:

• Vulnerability Scanning regularly checks your network and systems for known weaknesses. It’s automated, ongoing, and essential for continuous security hygiene.
• Penetration Testing involves cybersecurity experts manually attempting to exploit your systems, uncovering deeper vulnerabilities and showing how an attacker could breach your defences.

Penetration tests typically offer a more thorough analysis, simulating realistic cyber-attacks to identify weak points not detectable through automated scans. Conversely, vulnerability scans are quicker and more cost-effective for maintaining ongoing security posture, especially valuable for SMEs operating on tight budgets.

For SMEs, combining regular vulnerability scans with annual pen tests gives comprehensive protection, ensuring both routine and advanced security coverage. Understanding these differences helps businesses prioritise resources effectively and enhance their cyber resilience.

Penetration tests are particularly important following significant changes to your IT infrastructure or when launching new applications, providing a deep dive to uncover and address hidden risks proactively. Vulnerability scanning, however, offers continuous surveillance, quickly highlighting new weaknesses as soon as they emerge.

To maximise your cyber security effectiveness, SMEs should integrate both testing methods into their regular security strategy. For further guidance, visit the NCSC’s advice on selecting appropriate testing methods and ensuring comprehensive cyber defence.